IMPORTANCE OF EARTHING
Earthing and grounding is the most important component in an electrical circuit. It is necessary to eliminate electrostatic discharge which can destroy sensitive equipement and disturb power supply. The primary objective of earthing is to control radio frequency emissioin and electro-magnetic interference to provide stable reference potential for instrument to provide a safe discharge path for short circuit and lighting currents.
Apart from human safety, costly and sensitive electronic equipments are vulnerable even to small fault currents which seriously affect the life and performance of the equipements.
As per my experience and knowledge Chemical Earthing Industry grow faster due to following reasons
(a) Implementation and Awareness about Electrical Safeties and requirement of Earthings to reduce the accidental cases.
(b) More Industrialisation means required more machinery and other equipment.
(c) Residential sector also aware requirement of earthing, to reduce the chance of break down of electronic appliances (tv, refrigerator, fans, inverters, etc) failure due to short circuit or voltage fluctuation.
(d) Increase of Development of Infra projects i.e.Road Infrastructure, Railways, Transmission & Distributions, etc where huge numbers of earthing required with each pole and other electrical components.
Applications:
Low/Medium/High/Extra High voltage applications – Domestic and Industrial.
Telecommunications, Transmission & Distributions Systems.
Sub-Station and Power Generating Systems
Equipment earhing / Electrical Machines
Lighting Arrestor, Diesel Generators
Computer and Data Processing Centres
Where Hitech Earthing is required
Every equipement and place where electricity is being used in any form
EARTH EARTHING ELECTRODE
The G.I. pipe earthing and copper plate earthing is positioned amidst
layers of self and charcoal. Finding a suitable and efficient
earthing solution was major problem since the advent of electricity.
Corrosion of metals and lack of moisture in and around the earth pits
often leads to electrical short circuit, causing loss of lives and
property.
Thus, the need of a safe, sensitive and efficient earthing system was
felt. SAM TECHNOLOGIES after several years of R&D effort, designed and
developed the pipe-in-pipe technology system of earthing.
This earthing technology is effective, reliable, efficient,
maintenance free cost effective.
WHAT IS EARTH RESISTANCE AND WHY IT SHOULD BE LOW ?
No electric circuit either single phase or three phase is complete
without proper earthing.
The earthing or grounding is associated with-
(a) Earthing stripe, earth plate electrodes.
(b) Proper fasting or welding
(c) Earth resistance
(d) Soil resistively
Unless all these are stable & healthy the word good earthing will
have no meaning or value. To understand why earthing resistnace must
be low, use ohm’s law
V = R x I
where, V is Voltage in Volts and R is Resistance in ohm and I is
current in ampere.
And R = L / A
where R is resistance, L is length and A is area.
Advantages and Benefits
Low impedance Earthing.
Ensures Safety of life and property from earth related electrical
hazards.
Longer service life than conventional earthing systems
Ensures Quick dissipation of fault, short circuits and lighting
currents.
Corrission Resistance
Best earthing system for sensitive electrical / electronic equipments
like computers, CNC machine, ATM’s, medical equipments etc.
Cost effective and easy to install.
COMPARISION BETWEEN CHEMICAL EARTHING Vs CONVENTIONAL EARTHING :
| S.No. | Conventional Method of Earthing | Maintenance Free Earthing Electrode |
| 1 | Only one GI/CIPipe/Plate of particulare diameter. | There are two G.I.Pipe with dual pipe technology (pipe in pipe Technology) |
| 2 | Doesn’t touch natural soil | Greater contact with natural soil & moisture |
| 3 | Inconsistence resistance | Consistence resistance |
| 4 | Liable to fast corrosion, subsequent decay of the earth pipe / plate | Absence of Corrosion. |
| 5 | Installation requires a large space and time to install the earthing electrode | Installation requires a less space and time to install the earthing electrode. |
| 6 | Short life > 5 years | Long life < 25 years |
| 7 | Salt, charcoal is used as backfill compound as salt is highly corrosive electrolyte. It corrodes GI/CI electrodes. Finally get the high ohmic value. | The Earthing Electrode is non-corrosive so there is not much variations in ohmic value. |
| 8 | Traditional Compound (Salt) used will be washed away in rainy seasons and will be results as high ohmic value. | The Back Fill Compund is not soluble in water and become part soil around the electrode. |
| 9 | Liable to get corroded early hence probability of breakage in earthing. | No corrosion occurs hence no problem of breakage in earthing. |
| 10 | Maintenance Required | Maintenance Free |
INSTALLATION
INSTALLATION METHOD
OF EARTHING ELECTRODE
1. Auger / Drill /
Bore a hole of 4-6 inch in diameter at a place where earthing is to
be done, to a suitable depth of 2 meter or 3 meter (Electrode Length)
2. Place the
earthing electride inside the pit.
3. Mix the back fill
compund nicely with the soil, which has been dug out.
4. Re-filling the
space, pour adequate water in the pit.
5. While re-filling
the space, pour adequate water in the pit.
6. Pack the soil
around the Electrode tightly and properly.
7. Again pur
adequate water at least 3-4 feet around the earthing electrode
8. If the result is
satisfactory then connect it with the equipment.
9. If the result is
satisfactory, then allow the electrode same time (2/3 weeks) for the
setting of soil and thencheck it and connect it.
10. If the soil is
high resistively i.e. semi rocky or sandy soil, use back fill
compound only for the refilling pit.
Hope above give some knowledge about chemical earthings.
Regards
Mukesh Sharma
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